Discussion Papers

We investigate how timeliness in enforcing legal contracts affects economic growth across countries. We focus on judicial timeliness as a proxy for...

Privately informed about firm fundamentals, corporate insiders detect activism-motivated trades better than other traders. This paper solves the model...

We review the literature on the effectiveness of public policies to facilitate firms’ access to finance. The rationale for such policies is to address...

A burgeoning economics and political science literature studies the effects of economic sanctions on various aspects of economic and social life of...

This paper investigates the impact of introducing junior unsecured loans (i.e., FinTech loans) in the small business lending market. Using French...

Hybrid regimes feature combinations of democratic and autocratic attributes. Their common element is a leader who cultivates a clientele of favored...

Argentina’s progress towards legal equality for women has been slower than in most other Latin American countries. In 1971 Argentina’s score of 31 on...

Since 2017, the United Arab Emirates have introduced several gender legal reforms after decades of poor performance on economic and social equality...

We study the role of multinationals (MNCs) in facilitating firm-level and aggregate structural transformation. Using a stylized model of multinational...

In this paper, we explore the consequences of low nominal interest rates for credit supply, macroeconomic outcomes and policy. Using the protracted...

In the three-quarters of a century since Pakistan’s independence, parliament has adopted various laws in a bid to improve women’s legal rights. Many...

This paper investigates how consumers and investors react to the standardized disclosure of data privacy practices. Since December 2020, Apple has...

Using a representative survey of U.S. lawyers, we document a sizeable gender gap in early partnership aspirations, which explains half of the later...

Innovation in green technologies is viewed as a crucial driver of the transition to greener modes of production and consumption. However, there is...

Investors have limited and time-varying attention. These constraints are heterogeneous across investors, which can create asymmetric information and...

In the sixty years since its independence Burundi has taken some steps to improve the legal standing of women in the economy and society. These steps...